The Treaty of Versailles (ended WW I)

-During WWI, there was much devastation done to Germany and other countries. People’s hopes and dreams were shattered. Almost 10,000,000 soldiers around the world died as a result of this war. The Allies wanted Germany to pay for this, so they wrote a treaty which held Germany responsible for WWI. It was called the Treaty of Versailles.

-The treaty said that Germany was the only country responsible for WWI. Some people say that Germany was not responsible for WWI. After all, it started when a Serbian shot an Austrian. Some Germans believed that Germany had been made a scapegoat, forcing it to take the blame for the entire war.

-The treaty also said that Germany would have to pay for all of the damage done to other countries. Germany’s size was reduced by 12.5%, resulting in a decrease in its population of 6,500,000. When the other countries took possession of German land, the people in it did not move. This made them "belong" to the countries that took over that land.

- I do think the Treaty and facism brought up Hitler because Germany wanted to stay strong despite defeat and they needed a strong dictator to help the rise with the fallen.

Mustafa Kemal (Ataturk) and the Modernization of Turkey

Mustafa Kemal Ataturk was a military hero at the Dardanelles in 1915. He was born in 1881 in Salonica (which is now Greece). Ataturk modernized Turkey by making the new legal system in Turkey that all citizens - men and women, rich and poor - equal before the law. It gave Turkey a firm foundation for a society of justice and equal rights. Successive wars had decimated manpower, agricultural production stood at a low level, and the huge foreign debts. Mustafa also developed a new language for his fellow Turks. It was based on latin script. Atatürk introduced other reforms like: European hats replaced the fez; women stopped wearing the veil; all citizens took surnames; and the Islamic calendar gave way to the Western calendar.

Film Lesson - "Gandhi"

The movie starts of with Ghandi getting thrown out of the train because he would not move to third class. Later in the movie, Gandhi realizes that British laws were bias against Indians and decides to start a non-violent protest campaign for the rights of all Indians in South Africa.
Gandhi declares a hunger strike, saying he will not eat until the fighting stops. The fighting does stop eventually, but the country is divided. It is decided that the northwest area of India, and eastern part of India ( Bangladesh) will become a new country called Pakistan. It is hoped that by encouraging the Muslims to live in a separate country, violence will come yo an end. Gandhi spends his last days trying to bring about peace between both nations. He thereby angers many dissidents on both sides, one of whom finally gets close enough to assassinate him.

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